Cardiac anatomy from right to left

Left ventricle

Blood enters the left ventricle via the mitral valve.
This is a complex valve, consisting of an annulus and posterior and anterior leaflets.
The leaflets are connected to the papillary muscles via cord-like tendons called chordae tendinae.
The papillary muscles insert into the lateral and posterior walls as well as the apex of the left ventricle.
In normal situations the left ventricle has a uniform thickness, varying end-diastolically from 0.6 to 1.0 cm.
Blood enters the aortic valve via the left ventricular outflow tract.
Note that there appears to be a fibrous connection between the mitral and aortic valve. 

 
Axial (left) reconstruction, 3-chamber view (middle) and coronal reconstruction (right) of the heart illustrating the relationships between the left atrium, ventricle and aortic root.
LA=left atrium, R=right coronary cusp, L=left coronary cusp, N=non-coronary cusp, Ao=aorta, LV=left ventricle